A Review of the Recent Developments and Challenges in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) Process

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an emerging and promising technology for producing medium-to-large-scale metallic components/structures different industries, i.e., aerospace, automotive, shipbuilding, etc. It now a feasible alternative to traditional processes due its shorter lead time, low material waste, cost-effectiveness. WAAM has been widely used produce components using materials, including copper-based alloy wires, in the past decades. This review paper highlights critical aspects of process terms technology, various challenges faced during process, in-process post-process operations, monitoring methods, gases, types materials process. Furthermore, it briefly overviews recent developments depositing alloys via